在我们看生活大爆炸的时候,会看到很多和up有关的词组,比如closeup 关门 check up 核对,还有此处的clean up 收拾等,但是这些地方up的意思都和up的本意“向上”无关。
Up的本意为向上,相关的词组就很好理解,如get up起床,stand up站起来,hands up 举手 turn up 开大(声音)等。
现在把相关up的用法摘录如下:
1. up 表“完全,彻底”的短语有:
eat up(吃光); burn up(烧尽);finish up(做完); use up(用完); dry up(干涸);drink up(喝完);end up(结束,告终);be up(完了,光了) 例如,we ate up all the food.
2. up 表“成碎片,分离”之意的短语有:
tear up(撕碎); cut up(切碎); divide up(分配);separate up(分开);break up(分解,破裂) 例如,she tore the paper up.
3. up 表“安全地,稳妥地”之意的短语有:
lock up(锁住);fasten up(系好);stick up(粘紧); nail up(钉牢);tie up(捆好);wrap up(包好); fix up(修理好) 例如,she always locked up her house when she was away on holiday.
4.up 表“有小变大”之意的短语有:
speak up (大声点说);bringup(抚养大);speed up(加快速度);turn up)(开大声音);grow up(长大成人);warm up(加热); build up(逐步建立) 例如,would you please surn up the radio?
5.up表“靠近”之意的短语有:
drive up(驶近);go up(走上去);come up(走上来);walk up(走近);catch up(with...)(赶上); keep up(with...)(跟上); hurry up(赶快) 例如,a car drove up and stopped, then he got in.
6. up 表“(由下)往上”之意的短语有:
put up(举起,建起);send up(发射);pick up(拾起);hold up(举起);look up(抬头);stand up(起立);get up(起床);come up(抬头,上来,上升);go up(上升,上涨);take up(拿起);lift up(抬起);jump up(跳起) 例如,we have successfully sent up another spaceship.
7. up 表“集合”之意的短语有:
add up(加起);count up(加起);collect up(收集);gather up(收集,收拢);round up(赶拢);join up(联合起来);number up(列举) 例如,she gathered up her scattered belongings and left.
8.up与动词连用加强语气 light up(点燃); write up(写成);ring up(打电话);tidy up(整理);wake up(唤醒);rise up(起义);pile up(堆积);fill up(填满);mix up(混合);line up(排队);link up(连接);blow up(爆炸);block up(阻塞);look up(查阅);check up(核对,检验);open up(开创,开辟);clear up(天气放晴,整理,消除)
理解了以上相关up的意思后,很多词组就好理解了。
2. We need to get a handle on this mess. 我们得好好整理这衣橱。
实用口语:
Get a handle on something 着手处理某事
此处的handle 为名词,handle 还可以用做动词
We need to handle this mess.
3. We can’t just ask him to straighten our closet. 我们怎么能让客人整理衣橱呢?
使用单词:
Straighten something 整理某物
同义词:
Tidy
When you tidy a place such as a room or cupboard, you make it neat by putting things in their proper places.
4. We made it from scratch. 我们从零开始学。
实用口语:
From scratch 从零开始
If you do something from scratch, you do it without making use of anything that has been done before.
Building a home from scratch can be both exciting and challenging.
白手起家既激动人心又具有挑战性。
5. I’m used to it. 我习惯了。
此处的used 是形容词,习惯了。
Used to 的用法常会让同学们混淆,其有如下几种用法:
A. 如果used to单独用,则表示过去经常(动词):
People used to come and visit him everyday.
过去人们每天都来看他。
He used to be one of my professors.
他过去是我的一个教授。
B. 如果used to和be动词连用,这表示习惯了(形容词):
I'm used to having my sleep interrupted.
我习惯了睡觉时被吵醒。
He was used to the cold weather after he lived there for two years.
在那里住两年后,他已习惯了寒冷的天气
C. 如果used to和be动词连用,还可表示被用来(被动的用法):
Computers are used to do many things for people now.
现在计算机被用来做许多事情.
A hammer is used to drive in nails.
锤子是用来钉钉子的。
6. I’ve got that in spades. 这个我绝对帮的上忙。
In spades坦率地;肯定;非常
7. Sometimes I don’t give you enough credit, Penny. 有时候我真是小瞧你了,潘妮。
实用口语:
Don’t give somebody enough credit 小瞧某人了
8. I’d say I was pulling off a major heist at the museum of laundry baskets.
我会说我刚刚在洗衣篮博物馆里干了一票大劫案。
Pull off做成 (某件难事)
If you pull off something very difficult, you succeed in achieving it. 做成 (某件难事)
The National League for Democracy pulled off a landslide victory.
国家民主联盟取得了压倒性优势的胜利。
重点单词:
Savant 学者;专家
Goblin 小妖精;顽皮的丑小鬼
Quirk 怪癖;急转;借口
Juggle 玩杂耍;欺骗;歪曲
Memorabilia 大事记;值得纪念的事物
Scrotum [解剖] 阴囊
Happenstance 意外事件,偶然事件
Disseminate 散布;广为传播
Prone 有…倾向的,易于…的
Heist 抢劫,拦劫;强夺
Waylay 伏击;埋伏
Orgy 狂欢;放荡
Cornrow 梳成一排排辫子的发式
Epistemic
Ambivalence [心理] 矛盾情绪;正反感情并存
Auditorium 礼堂,会堂;观众席
Poppycock 废话;胡说
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